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The mountain areas of Africa are scattered throughout the continent and occupy approximately 2,960,997 Km2. Mountain areas of Africa have a high diversity in terms of ecological conditions, resource use, physical constraints to resource use, socio-economic characteristics of resources users, biodiversity and biodiversity and scenic beauty. The immediate challenge for sustainable development of...
Ozone is the most widespread phytotoxic pollutant in the United States, and the National Park Service is concerned about its effects on plants and ecosystems in a number of parks. In Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM), ozone and other meteorological parameters are monitored on a continuous basis throughout the year at two permanent high elevation sites (Look Rock and Cove Mountain), and...

Experts and officials from the 187 Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity met in Montreal, Canada from March 10-14 to assess the current status of mountain biological diversity, as well as the human pressures on mountain ecosystems. Mountains cover one-fourth of the Earth's surface and are home to one-eighth of the human population. Half of humanity relies on mountain ecosystems for...

Mountains cover about 20% of continental surfaces and are the source of most of the world's major river systems. Mountains are under considerable stress from humans, and climate change would exacerbate existing conflicts between environmental and socioeconomic concerns. Paleo-environmental records indicate that past warming of climate has caused the distribution of vegetation to shift to higher...
During cold intervals of the Pleistocene, snow accumulation was responsible for extensive and repeated glaciation in western and central Tasmania and for a small glaciation on the highest part of the Snowy Mountains in New South Wales. These glaciations had major effects on the landforms. In the succeeding Holocene, snow effects have been confined to modest nivation around long-lasting snow...
Snow sampling has been undertaken by the Snowy Mountains Hydro-electric Authority at snowcourse sites in the Kosciuszco National Park since the mid-1950s. Snow depth, water content and density observations are made weekly at three index sites and monthly at another eleven sites during the snow season. Snowcourse sites are spread throughout the Snowy Scheme area to encompass spatial and...

Integrating activities for conservation and development through people's participation and collaboration among different institutional and social actors is being increasingly recognized as the most promising approach to sustainable natural resource management. This document describes and discusses the experience in this area of the Inter-regional Project for Participatory Upland Conservation...

As the dew is dried up by the morning sun,
So are the sins of humankind by the sight of the Himalayas.

- Hindu proverb

The above maxim which originated in the Hindu puranas, the religious scriptures in the Indian subcontinent, is as old as the mountains are. It clearly depicts the high place accorded to the Himalayas, high mountains. Perhaps...

One of South America's most endangered forest ecosystems is the Polylepis forests (los bosques de kehuiña) in the Andean highlands. In Bolivia only about 650 km2 of Polylepis is left - down from an estimated potential distribution of 40.000 km2. The highland forests serves as important water catchment areas by "combing" humidity out of clouds and fog, and by...

Mountain inhabitants all over the world, often guileless and trusting people, are gradually waking up to their vulnerabilities and there is growing concern among them over the loss of their immediate habitat and the usurption of their resources and livelihood patterns by vested interests. These concerns have found articulation in Chapter 13 of the Agenda 21 document under the heading: Managing...

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