natural resources
Climate change results from an increased concentration of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane associated with economic activities, including energy, industry, transport, and land use patterns. Rich countries emit the majority of these gases, while poor countries are more vulnerable to their negative effects. Further, developing countries are more vulnerable and...
Collecting firewood from a forest or water from a stream, grazing a herd, felling trees, preventing entry to a protected area, and making decisions about who should or should not have rights to collect firewood or water are all expressions of the exercise of property rights to natural resources.
Property rights govern who can do what with resources. They specify the claims and...
Implementing a system of territorial management to Traditional Communal Lands (TCOs) poses a challenge to Bolivia’s indigenous peoples, as they lack practical skills necessary to do so. This report outlines the support that the Netherlands Development Organization (SNV) provided to the TCO Monte Verde to achieve a sustainable and culturally appropriate model for territorial management....
Land conflicts often have extensive negative effects on economic, social, spatial and ecological development. This is especially true in developing countries and countries in transition, where land market institutions are weak, opportunities for economic gain by illegal action are widespread and many poor people lack access to land. Land conflicts can have disastrous effects on individuals as...
This paper looks at Payments for Environmental Services (PES) as an equitable approach for reducing poverty and conserving nature. It presents a number of case studies including Guatemala, Peru and the Philippines, whilst also discussing the World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF) approach to equitable PES.
The authors argue that the concept of PES has received substantial interest in...
The main focus in id21 natural resource Highlights 6 is water. Five relevant research articles are presented that focus on various issues related to water resources.
1. Increasing the productivity of irrigation systems in China
- This research carried out by IWMI, Sri Lanka and partners examines how water used for rice irrigation is managed in...
This document looks at the use of Compensation Ecosystem Services (CES) as a potential catalyst for ecosystem conservation and poverty alleviation. It aims to improve understanding of the concept and also discusses the key challenges faced in implementation of CES.
It is argued that favourable political, legal and institutional conditions, as well as conducive governance...
As the foundation of this document, the IUCN argues that investments in biodiversity conservation will help maintain the flow of ecosystem services and, in turn, will yield both immediate and long-term dividends to human wellbeing.
This paper argues that to deliver internationally-agreed development goals (such as the MDGs), three key challenges need to be addressed, and for each of...
Indigenous and traditional peoples are among those most at risk from climate change. This document looks in detail at the potential impacts of climate change on vulnerable communities and cultures and their associated ecosystems, and seeks to develop effective and culturally appropriate adaptation and mitigation measures.
The authors note that many indigenous and traditional people have...
This document provides a synthesis of key findings from 14 "Participatory Poverty Assessments" (PPAs) carried out by BirdLife Partners from Africa, the Americas and Asia, to gauge environment-livelihoods linkages. It aims to share experiences, and support lesson-learning within the BirdLife International Partnership, while also catering to a wider audience dealing with development,...
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