management
This report presents an initial analysis of the role of natural World Heritage Sites within the global protected areas “estate”. It is primarily based on protected area data included in the UNEP-IUCN World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA). The analysis is based on figures held within WDPA on the recorded areas of natural World Heritage Sites relative to the extent of...
Sri Lanka has one of the oldest traditions of irrigation in the world, dating back as far back as 500 BC. It was around these ancient tank (water storage reservoir) irrigation systems that the economy and human settlements of early Sri Lankan society were organised into a “hydraulic civilization”. Unlike in the case of most ancient civilizations, which grew in fertile river valleys...
Equitable distribution of the costs and benefits associated with conservation is a key issue within natural resources management. Trends show increasing environmental degradation and social and economic inequalities within and among households, communities and nations. Poverty and environmental degradation are linked to decision-making processes that are socially exclusive and based on an...
The project “Integrating Wetland Economic Values into River Basin Management” has the overall goal of more equitable, efficient and sustainable wetland and river basin management resulting from the practical application of environmental economics techniques and measures.
To help to achieve this goal, its immediate objectives are:
- To...
Commercial utilisation of inland fish resources can constitute an important addition to other economic activities in rural communities. Based on a case study of commercial whitefish fishery in Lake Femund, a mountain lake in south eastern Norway, this article outlines experience gained and indicates some of the general problems related to this type of economic activity. They concern aspects...
Shimshal is a farming and herding community of some 1400 inhabitants in northern Pakistan, close to the Chinese border where the Pamir and Karakorum Mountains meet. The community is sole steward of vast areas of high-altitude pasture and depends greatly on transhumant livestock herding and agriculture. Shimshal pastures are scattered across 2700 km2 of the central Karakoram. Since 1974, there...
In sub-Saharan Africa mobile pastoralism is predominantly practised in arid and semi-arid lands. These lands are hot and dry, with low and erratic rainfall. There are not many livelihoods suited to this unpredictable environment, but pastoralism is particularly appropriate, because it enables people to adapt by moving livestock according to the shifting availability of water and pasture.
...Human-induced climate change is already happening. People - particularly poor people - struggle with its impacts every day. Whilst world leaders argue over how to tackle this immense issue, one thing must be agreed on now: the level of change the world needs to avoid.
For millions, 'safe' levels of change have already been exceeded and international efforts must be ramped up to support...
The Water Resources Use Project (WRUP) implemented by the King Mahendra Trust for Nature Conservation (KMTNC) in the Annapurna Conservation Area (ACA) with the financial support of the Ford Foundation began in August 2000 and ended in July 2003. WRUP was implemented as an integral part of the KMTNC’s Annapurna Conservation Area Project (ACAP), which covers the region around the Annapurna...
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are often seen as incompatible with participatory processes. However, since the late 1990s, attempts have been made in numerous projects around the world to define “best practices” for improved natural resource management projects that integrate participation and accurate spatial information, using GIS (for example, see www.iapad.org/...
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