economics

Tourism is one of Canada’s largest industries. In 2003, tourism generated $52 billion in revenues (~2% of Canada’s gross domestic product) and was the sixth largest employer of Canadians. Outdoor recreation is a critical component of Canada’s tourism industry. Depending on the season, Canadians and visitors to Canada can pursue a wide range of winter and warm-weather outdoor recreation...
Upland farmers have long been cast as key actors of deforestation, but in the wake of timber scarcity brought on by deforestation and logging restrictions, many have adopted a new role-tree planters. Responding to market signals, upland farmers in Mindanao have spontaneously been planting fast-growing timber species on parcels going out of annual crop production. What is the...

Amenity migration has become an important force for change in non-metropolitan high amenity places around the world. Here the focus is on these places in mountain regions that attract permanent and part-time residents because of their comparatively rich concentrations of Earth's remaining natural environment and differentiated culture. Drawing on their own and others' research and...

<p>This is an overview of the character and effects of contemporary in-migration to mountain regions. The focus is on the amenity migrants, but also discussed are the economic migrants who follow the amenity migrants and their close relatives, the tourists, into the uplands. Response to this phenomenon is also outlined, and strategic means suggested for controlling its effects on...

Since 1990 interest in mountains has received an impetus with the establishment of the IUCN Commission on Mountain Protected Areas and the inclusion of Article 13 (Fragile Mountain Environments) of Agenda 21 at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED). Today there is growing awareness at policy, research and activist levels that the well-being of lowland areas is...

Human land use has largely influenced today's environment from lowlands to many high mountain tops. The perceived all-pervasive imperative of development is likely to cause further major alterations and degradation of many high mountain ecosystems. Biodiversity loss and nature conservation are recognised issues, however, their relative importance in relation to development issues is low. It is...

Recently, as evidenced by the United Nations' Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, and the subsequent Convention on Biological Diversity, the concern for biodiversity conservation has been increasing worldwide. The UNCED recommended the integration of conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity into all national and international economic...

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