economics
Agricultural land has always been considered as the most important national resource in Nepal by the people and the state alike. The major proportion of the state income has historically been collected in the form of land revenue. There was no uniformity in the land tax assessment system in Nepal. This was because of the physionomy of the country as well as lack of improved transport and...
Nepal is believed to have been populated mainly by immigration over many centuries, of Mongloid groups from the Tibetan region and of Indo-Aryan groups from northern India. The Muslim invasion of India accelerated migration from the south, beginning in the thirteenth century, when a large number of Rajputs (ruling groups of north India) and other Hindus left the Gangetic plain to find refuge...
Much socio-economic and demographic research conducted in Nepal based on both micro and macro-level data, basically focuses on the negative impact of population growth and the deteriorating resource situation (particularly land) in the country. Similarly a lot has been written about crops grown in permanently cultivated fields, as well as various aspects of agricultural development in Nepal,...
Nepal has entered its fourth decade of planned development begun in 1956 with the launching of its 'First Plan' which, like all subsequent 'Plans', was contingent on foreign aid. One result of this dependence on foreign aid for its industrial development in particular, is that machine based manufacturing, at least up to the latter half of the 1970s, has tended to be the preserve of the...
Serious indebtedness among Nepal's rural peasantry has been identified and has been the focus of periodic reforms since the time of King Prithvi Narayan Shah. Despite this, indebtedness remains a pervasive and unresolved problem throughout the country. Chronic debt is aggravated by exorbitant rates of interest and consumes limited household budgets, already strained by low and often declining...
Blaikie, Cameron and Seddon's book 'Nepal in Crisis: Growth and Stagnation at the Periphery' represents the first major critical study in Nepal. Although it was initially banned by the Nepalese government and continues not to be considered acceptable reading, it has had great influence on the Nepalese intelligentsia. Many scholars accept the major conclusions, but now criticise the book...
Deriving its inspiration from the Bergonian General Welfare function, the Government in Nepal has launched a perspective Basic Needs Fulfilment Programme (BNP) for the period 1985-2000. To put it in exact numbers, the size of this programme would be about 45 percent of the total development plan outlay and for the poor, means being able to earn Rs. 5.41 per head per day by the end of the...
In a labour surplus four-sector economy composed of household, business, government and the rest of the world, income, output, and/or employment is determined by the decision to save and invest. Investment is mainly financed by two major sources: internal and external - and is determined by benefit (B) and cost (C) calculations. The greater the B/C ratio, the higher the profit. So long as B...
Destruction of forest and erosion, problems of water balance and even natural catastrophes: all these are consequences of the excessive exploitation of natural resources. The relation between socio-economic structure and its resulting pressure on ecosystems is analysed as one aspect of ecological-geographical investigations, taking Gorkha as an example.
The population of Gorkha is made...
The world economy today has a unique property of being so integrated that no nation is independent in settling its philosophical framework in relation with economic reforms and transformations. A consistent country specific policy package nevertheless, may be deduced based on certain specific working assumptions determined by national parameters which, in turn, reflect divergent socio-economic...
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