Working paper
Relative poverty assessment of Nirdhan Utthan Bank Ltd. (NUBL) of Nepal was conducted to examine whether NUBL has reached to the poorest as envisioned in their mission statement. NUBL is the first non-government development bank licensed to provide micro financial services. During its initiation as an NGO in 1993, NUBL extended its first financial services to 521 clients from a single branch...
Despite the growing popularity of community-based approaches to forest management, there are limited cases in which benefits and costs are shared equitably. One of the reasons for this situation is that decisions within community-based forest management (CBFM) regimes are dominated by local elites. This is especially true in the context of Nepal where society is stratified into different...
The link between economic growth and human development has been a subject of rigorous empirical econometric work since the 1970s. Education, which is an important component of human development, has been found to explain varying levels of return and economic growth. Further, it has been found that countries that have equalised their educational achievements for men and women have, on average,...
Policies of devolving management of resources from the state to user groups are premised upon the assumption that users will organise and take on the necessary management tasks. While experience has shown that in many places users do so and are very capable, expansion of co-management programmes beyond initial pilot sites often shows that this does not happen everywhere. Yet, much is at stake...
Poverty is about politics. Access to governance structures and participation in policy processes has both an instrumental and intrinsic value to the rural poor and rural poor organisations (here after referred to as RP). The desired outcome, it is argued, is pro-poor governance, by which is meant policy processes within which the RP participate and influence and achieve change through policy...
Climate change is now very much with us, and for the poorest of the poor the implications are particularly daunting. These often remote or marginalised communities are so burdened they will struggle to meet the coming challenges. Adaptation - learning to cope with rising temperature and other effects of climate change - is a difficult but essential task for these vulnerable millions. This...
The Adaptation Fund established under the Kyoto Protocol is the most innovative financial mechanism to support adaptation projects and programmes in developing countries. Its governance structure has been agreed on in the 2007 Climate Summit in Bali, and throughout 2008, the Adaptation Fund Board has been working towards the full operationalisation of the Adaptation Fund. A key challenge for...
Delivering substantially increased new and additional, adequate, predictable and sustainable financial resources will have to be a key outcome of the UNFCCC negotiation process towards an international climate change agreement to be achieved in Copenhagen by the end of 2009. Resources are required to assist developing countries in mitigating emissions (incl. REDD) and adapting (incl. insurance...
Climate change threatens to make the already difficult situation of food security in the world even worse. The Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) - based on the evaluation of many scientific studies - has made a critical assessment of the possible impacts of climate change on agriculture, livestock and fishing, particularly in the countries of the...
Adaptation has increasingly gained attention in the UNFCCC negotiations. As one of the four building blocks of the Dialogue on Long-term Cooperative Action, specific elements which foster the implementation of adaptation need to be considered in a future climate change framework, while at the same time there is the need to move forward in relevant agenda items under the UNFCCC Subsidiary...
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