transboundary issues

IUCN, the International Union for Conservation of Nature, believes that protected areas lie at the heart of all effective biodiversity conservation strategies. They offer much more as well: clean water, food security, health and wealth; protection against natural disasters; carbon sequestration; recreational opportunities; sacred natural sites; homes and employment.

The Programme of...

Already faced with trouble caused by ecological refugees, Nepal is bleeding under increasing pressure of political refugees from Bhutan. Preoccupied with its exclusivist national urges, Bhutan is forcibly evicting a large number of apparently permanent refugees on a scale that the receiving country Nepal has never experienced before.

Refugees are not unprecedented or a new phenomenon in...

Formally Nepal and Bhutan established diplomatic relations in 1983. Such a move was presumably prompted by the enthusiasm and calculation with which the South Asian Regional Cooperation (SARC) scheme was being given a formal shape following the proposal made by Ziaur Rahman, then President of Bangladesh. In 1985 the first South Asian summit accepted it, turning SARC into an association - South...

The CIPRA compact “Energy” provides an overview on energy use and energy production in the Alps and describes national and regional strategies for climate protection and climate adaptation. Here CIPRA gives its central statement on this issue: if we want to stem earth warming, increasing efficiency is important but not sufficient: we must reduce our consumption of energy services. Renewable...

Autumn of 2009 has been a busy and productive time for The Mountain Institute’s Asia Regional Office. Their work in mid West Nepal continues to keep them busy, distributing rice and building mountain enterprises. Programmes in eastern Nepal continue to move forward quickly, with the registration of newly formed trans-boundary conservation working groups. TMI's many other new developments...

The Himalaya presents a formidable physical and political boundary between neighboring countries. For centuries, the deep gorges, high pass and open skies have provided corroders through which rivers flow, people trade, cultures mingle and wildlife migrate. Until recently, with the emerging concept of regional based conservation, some of these international borders have served as a significant...

The aim of this report is to demonstrate that regions like mountain areas have a specific relevance in the debate on territorial cohesion in Europe. The central premise is that, truly construed, Territorial Cohesion focuses on targeted assistance to areas most in need and thus has to highlight strategies and policies required to address the needs and the opportunities of the worse off areas. A...

Nepal-India power exchange has long been taking place. The effectiveness of the exchange scenario, however, is not very encouraging. The main reason for this is the lack of physical infrastructures and sound power transaction modalities. In this article, Nepal-India power exchange is critically reviewed with regards to the physical infrastructures and in the Nepalese perspectives.

The catchment area of the Nile—the longest river in the world at 6695 km—links 10 African countries: Egypt, Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Uganda, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Rwanda, Burundi, and Tanzania. A treaty regulating water use was signed in 1929 (revised in 1959) between Egypt and Sudan, which greatly favors Egypt. But more and more water is being claimed by countries...
The Lower Mekong Basin (LMB) arguably has one of the most diverse biotic and cultural landscapes in today’s world. However, against the backdrop of residual impacts of the Indochina conflicts coupled with the extraordinary pace of economic development in some of the riparian countries over the last decade, contradictions between economic growth and environmental protection have become...

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