Publications
The relationship between the "modern world" and the "developing world" has often been expressed in the language of development. Although vast sums have been invested trying to find a solution matters appear to have got worse rather than better. It would appear that some development projects actually contribute to this deterioration. In addition development has often produced...
Mountains cover one quarter of the Earth's land surface. They present monumental paradoxes: They dominate the landscape and inspire scared devotion and awe; their people are isolated and ignored, they are the font of fantastic wealth; their people live in poverty, they provide water for half of the world's people; their water and soil resources are among the most mismanaged of all their assets,...
The mountain areas of Africa are scattered throughout the continent and occupy approximately 2,960,997 Km2. Mountain areas of Africa have a high diversity in terms of ecological conditions, resource use, physical constraints to resource use, socio-economic characteristics of resources users, biodiversity and biodiversity and scenic beauty. The immediate challenge for sustainable development of...
The Eastern Arc Mountains form a chain of some of Africa's oldest peaks from southeastern Kenya through Tanzania. Their proximity to the Indian Ocean and the prevailing winds results in high rainfall when compared to surrounding areas. Because of the moist conditions in comparison to the surrounding areas, the chain and its montane, submontane, and lowland forests are noted for their high levels...
The Mara River catchment is the dry weather refuge for more than one million migrating wildebeest and zebras of the Serengeti ecosystem. The river flow is affected by developments in Kenya, including deforestation and water diversion for irrigation and the proposed Ewaso Ng'iro (South) Hydropower Project. An ecohydrology model was used to predict the likely impact of these developments on the...
Because of dominant shifting agriculture practices, local ecological knowledge and traditional practice in mountain regions in Madagascar have long been seen as obstacles to development. Now, they are increasingly recognised as offering solutions to socio-ecological transformations constrained by rapid changes of the cultural, socio-economic and socio-political context. Instead of a passive...
This report describes the findings of one in a series of studies which aim to assess the linkages between the issues of gender and a DGIS-WWF supported Integrated Conservation and Development Project (ICDP) set in and around the Bale Mountains National Park (BMNP), Ethiopia.
The project is still in its early stages, and therefore it was considered to be of most value if this particular study...
In the next century, climate change caused by "greenhouse" warming may severely alter the world's climate patterns. Forests throughout the world will be affected by this climate change. In order to bring a better understanding to the general public of how climate change will effect their lives, this paper lays the groundwork for showing the effects of anthropogenically caused accelerated climate...
Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.) seedlings were exposed in 1989 to ozone in open-top chambers at Uplands Field Research Laboratory, Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM). Seedlings were raised from seed collected in GRSM and exposed for a total of 68 days to one of five treatments: charcoal-filtered (CF), 1.0x, 1.5x, and 2.0x, and non-chambered plots. Height and diameter, along with...
This paper integrates the results of a number of studies on the effects of cloudwater and ozone (O3) on red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) seedlings, saplings, and mature trees at Whitetop Mountain, Virginia, over a 3-yr period. These investigations consisted of (i) seedling chamber exclusion studies, (ii) mature tree branch chamber exclusion studies, and (iii) field experiments comparing responses...