Europe
During the 1980s, a series of major changes to the Earth's environment, including increases in C02 levels and the hole in the ozone layer, were detected only because of the existence of long-term monitoring. The recognition of a lack of quantitative long-term information on the state of the environment came to the fore, and the need for national and international programmes to monitor...
The European Mountain Conventions are an initiative of the European association Euromontana, comprising of agricultural organisations, communities, research institutes, development and environmental agencies and mountain associations with a strong interest in rural and sustainable development of mountainous areas. This network of organisations covers about 15 countries in all the European...
This Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB) Digest provides an overview of scientific activities undertaken within MAB Project 6, whose focus is on mountain areas. It considers MAB activities in the mountains of nine European countries -- Austria, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Poland, Slovakia, Spain, and Switzerland -- and the former USSR. It is in these countries that the...
Scotland has over 90 percent of the UK's montane (alpine) habitat. These areas contain important populations of relic arctic, alpine and endemic plants, which also support important bird populations, all of which are of high conservation value. Within these areas, natural zonation of vegetation can be seen at different altitudes. This zonation is largely due the effects of temperature and...
Arailer (2577m above sea level) is one of the largest extinct volcanoes in Armenia. It has rather steep slopes indented with many deep gorges and gullies. A 2km diameter crater has remained at the top of the volcano. The crater opens to the south-west by a deep gorge. The mountain is situated in the area of arid climate with wide yearly and daily fluctuations of temperature and humidity....
Within the ISDEMA project, a re-assessment of the basic requirements for sustainable development in mountain regions has been discussed. The case studies from a series of different mountain ranges in Europe underpin the need to relate the various sectoral topics, such as agriculture, forestry, tourism, transport, water and energy use to innovative strategies for...
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