water resources
This article highlights the economic and ecological value of the water resource systems of Ecuador’s paramo and montane forest region and gives a description, based on a survey of recent literature, of the mechanisms controlling the rainfall–runoff process and how changes in land use alter the transformation. The review reveals that available understanding is partial, the result of...
Water remains one of the major issues in the Middle Mountains of the Hindu Kush–Himalayas. This most populated region of Nepal depends mainly on rainwater supply, which is highly variable: around 85% of annual rainfall is expected during the monsoon, which lasts about four months from June to September. During this season, the major concern in many parts of the region is flooding and...
As water resources become increasingly scarce in Africa, the need for the use of economics to aid in decision-making and management becomes apparent. Global experience shows that economic approaches may achieve the best results. Water is the basis of the economy as well as essential for human life and biodiversity. The Pangani River Basin in north-eastern Tanzania provides a good starting...
In the Alto Mayo valley , Moyobamba, Peru a payment mechanism was introduced for sustainable forest use and reduction of water contamination by livestock and coffee wash. A committee was set-up by inhabitants of Moyobamba from the public meeting to implement the PES scheme. A fee on the water bill was introduced in August 2009. Income is managed by the steering committee. The...
A study, using participatory vulnerability assessment tools, was carried out in Kadampur, and Mirtung villages on the bank of the Baulaha Khola in Nawalparasi District in central inner Tarai, Nepal. Enquiries were based on a checklist prepared in advance and secondary information from other areas in the vicinity was incorporated. The study was able to accumulate information on changes, impacts...
Water management affects our environment, society and culture. Finding solutions to mitigate negative impacts and adapt to different geographical conditions and climate regions, requires an approach that unites sound and unbiased science with social and policy considerations. To meet this challenges the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) of Germany launched a major international...
Climate change is currently taking place at an unprecedented rate and will have potentially profound and widespread effects on the availability of and access to water resources. The mean global temperature rose by 0.74 °C over the past century. The rate of warming in the Himalayan region has been even greater than global average.
The greater Himalayan region sustains about 150...
Water as a good, a service or a right, is more and more frequently put forward as a major challenge in our globalised world. Water resources are being put under increasing pressure and it is necessary to address how to deal with this extra stress on the environment. When a desire for social equity, economic yield and environmental accountability are also taken into account, the problem becomes...
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